Date Published: January 27, 2025
Summary
Sometimes the road most traveled is not the one you want or need to take to get where you are going. In instances where you need to undertake off-road or remote road travel, there are several aspects to take into account outside of what may be standard for traditional road travel. This report will provide considerations for OSAC members to take when traveling off the beaten path in off-road or remote locations.
For the Travelers
The Route
Travelers should consider the following when planning an off-road route:
- Ensure that all travelers are familiar with the planned route and that an alternative route has been planned in the event the primary one is unfeasible.
- Remain cognizant of local (to the route) weather conditions, as weather changes can significantly and quickly impact planned travel. Also be aware that some countries or regions have rainy seasons that may significantly impact road conditions; mudslides, floods, and other infastructure dangers are possible during these seasons.
- To the best extent possible, undertake off-road or remote road travel during daylight hours, considering the likely lack of established light sources along the route. If there is a possibility the final destination may not be reached prior to sunset, consider a stopover along the way.
- Premptively locate problem areas along the route that may be particularly vulnerable to adverse weather conditions, such as roads or bridges affected by rain or snow.
- Rules of the road may differ in more remote areas compared to urban or well-developed areas of the country; as such, adjust your defensive driving posture accordingly. Research local laws and their enforcement, as some locations may not enforce rules against intoxicated or aggressive driving.
- Mark safe havens (such as hospitals, police stations, etc.) along the way in case you are traveling in a potentially unsafe area. In addition, know where the closest hospital is along/near the route in the event you encounter a medical issue or emergency.
- Avoid areas of known criminal activity (high rates of smuggling, trafficking, or gang activity). Driving in these locations may bring the risk of robbery, kidnapping, or violent crime. Also be aware of areas in which local security forces are conducting operations, as checkpoints and transit delays are possible.
- If traveling with a guide or driver, ensure they are hired from a reputable company and that other trusted travelers have previously utilized their services. This may be a preferred means to travel particularly if driving in a country with hazardous roads or a language barrier.
- As with operating any vehicle abroad, ensure you have proper identification and licensure prior to your journey.
Things to Bring
Consider taking the following items with you when traveling off road or in remote areas:
- Navigation System: While modern smartphones provide the ability to track your location via GPS, depending on where you travel, cellular reception while traveling remotely or offroad may render the cellular connection ineffective. Therefore, a dedicated GPS navigation device may be preferred. However, before traveling with a GPS device, check that it is permitted for import and use in your destination country.
- Satellite Device: In the event that you are planning travel along a route that does not provide adequate cellular reception, consider a satellite phone/device. Like GPS devices, ensure that you can import a satellite phone into your destination country.
- Food, Water, and Sleeping Gear: Depending onthe length of the journey, it may be prudent to bring along food, water, and some essentials in the event you need to stay overnight in an area without proper accomodation.
- First Aid Kit: For small injuries or cuts, or in situations where a hospital or medical clinic is not easily accessible along the route, a first aid kit may come in handy.
- Emergency Gear: If available, bring emergency roadside gear in the event you have a breakdown along the route.
- Communication Plan: Have a check-in plan with someone before, during, and after the remote or off-road travel. This person should preferrably be in the same time zone as you and can call emergency services on your behalf if necessary.
For the Vehicle
Before deciding which vehicle to rent for your off-road or remote journey, investigate the following:
- Is there a standard type of vehicle that most locals choose when traveling off-road? Is this brand reputable and does it come with sufficient safety features?
- When offroading, consider a vehicle with 4x4 capabilities, as these often operate with greater ease on uneven or unpaved roads.
- Ensure that the vehicle you are renting is well maintained (e.g. that it has enough gasoline, adequate oil life, inflated tires including a spare, functioning headlights/taillights/windshield wipers, etc.). Consider renting a vehicle with included maintenance equipment, such as a tire jack, roadside emergency items, etc.
- Before starting your drive, test brakes, seatbelts, and headlights.
- Know the vehicle’s estimated fuel range and miles/kilometers per gallon to help plan stops along your journey, if necessary. In addition, understand the limits of the vehicle. Do not try to push beyond a vehicle’s capabilities, especially in a lesser-traveled or unfamiliar location.
- If possible, consider traveling with two vehicles, a primary and a “follow” vehicle. This way, in the event of a breakdown of one, a secondary option will be available without needing to abandon the journey.
- With a follow vehicle, make sure the primary or lead vehicle always remains in sight, but maintain enough of a distance in case of an accident or attack.
- Avoid driving a motorcycle or scooter in remote areas unless necessary, as these may present a greater level of risk than enclosed four-wheel vehicles. Always wear a helmet and other protective equipment if you choose a two-wheeled option.
- Finally, consider insurance for the rental vehicle; ensure that you have an adequate policy to cover what you need.
Additional Information
For more information on this topic, please contact OSAC’s regional teams.
The opinions expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of the U.S. Department of State or any affiliated organization(s). Nor have these opinions been approved or sanctioned by these organizations. This product is unclassified based on the definitions in E.O. 13526. OSAC’s full disclaimer and copyright policy is available on our site at OSAC.gov/About/Disclaimer.
