Tbilisi, Georgia: 2006 Crime and Safety Report
Crime & Safety
Europe
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Georgia
11 Jan 2006
Overall Crime and Safety Situation
Criminals and criminal groups throughout Georgia are targeting Americans and other foreigners on a regular basis. The U.S. Embassy anticipates that this trend will continue well into the foreseeable future.
Crime
The Department of State currently rates Georgia as a CRITICAL crime threat post. In Tbilisi and throughout Georgia, street-level criminals and criminal gangs are regularly victimizing foreigners, including American diplomats, family members and private citizens. When opportunities present themselves, criminals in Tbilisi remain aggressive and bold with regard to targeting Westerners. American diplomats and family members are being victimized at rates disproportionate to their numbers when compared to other major metropolitan areas in Europe and in the United States. This also appears to be true for private American citizens and other Western groups visiting or residing in Georgia.
A majority of the crimes reported to the Embassy involve a theft of some sort. Relatively minor incidents such as pickpocketing, purse snatching and cell phone theft are common, while serious and violent crimes such as armed robbery, armed carjacking and residential break-ins also occur. Often these crimes most frequently occur when the victim is alone and/or after dark when the victim is in unfamiliar surroundings.
It is important to note that there are several reasons why criminals are targeting Americans and foreigners on a regular basis. Of these, the most important is the continued lack of economic opportunities for the average Georgian. There is a great disparity in affluence between foreigners and the large percentage of the population that is poor. This means that Americans and Westerners are perceived as being rich and, therefore, more lucrative (and in many cases, vulnerable) criminal targets. The Embassy believes strongly that as long as the economic opportunities in Georgia remain meager, criminals and criminal groups will continue to target Westerners.
Another important reason for this critical crime rating is that Georgian police are generally ineffective. Since 2004, the Georgian government has made considerable progress in combating internal corruption, and implementing many long-needed police reform and reorganization programs. However, much work remains and reform can be slow. The lack of experienced "street cops," modern police, communication, information management equipment, and professional education and training undermine the police's effectiveness in preventing crime. In conjunction with limited resources, the government's inability to establish a professional police force that meets Western standards is considerable. It will be many years before such a police force is available.
Travel and Security
The U.S. Embassy advises American citizens to avoid travel to the separatist-controlled region of Abkhazia, where a tense truce exists between previously warring Georgian and Abkhaz military forces. In addition, there have been bombings, attacks and kidnappings in Abkhazia. The mining of roads poses a serious threat to vehicular traffic. While Abkhaz "border officials" may demand that travelers entering the region purchase "visas" from the so-called "Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Abkhazia," the U.S. Government does not recognize the separatists' declaration of Abkhazia's independence from Georgia.
As a result of the restricted access of U.S. Government officials to Abkhazia, the ability of the U.S. Government to assist American citizens there is extremely limited, even in emergencies. American citizens traveling to or residing in areas of Western Georgia near the Abkhaz border are advised to be aware of their surroundings at all times and to avoid straying off main roads or traveling after dark.
In addition, as a result of a continuing instability between Georgia and the breakaway region of South Ossetia, travel to South Ossetia is not recommended. In the early 1990s, Georgia and South Ossetia engaged in a brief civil war. In early summer of 2004, open hostilities resumed as Georgian and South Ossetian military units exchanged fire. Engagements were limited but resulted in fatalities on both sides. Although the situation has subsequently calmed and peace talks are currently underway, there is always the possibility for future conflict and, thus, travel to the conflict zone remains hazardous.
Georgia's law enforcement and security services have conducted operations against suspected international terrorists, Chechen fighters, and criminals who have attempted to secure refuge in the Pankisi Gorge. American citizens are recommended to avoid all travel to the Pankisi Gorge north of the city of Akhmeta.
American citizens are further advised to exercise caution when traveling to other areas of continuing security concern, especially the mountainous areas of northern Georgia bordering the Russian Federation. In light of the Beslan attack in September 2004 and the Nalchik attack in October 2005, attacks in the North Caucasus region of Russia cannot be ruled out. Also, due to the upper Svaneti region and the Kodori Valley's general lawlessness including kidnapping incidents and police ineffectiveness, a Georgian citizen familiar with this region should accompany Americans traveling to this area.
Americans should be advised that kidnappings and the threat of kidnapping are not limited to the abovementioned regions. In the past, Western and Georgian businessmen have been kidnapped for ransom and Americans have received kidnapping threats in the Tbilisi region. Although such kidnapping incidents or threats are rare, the possibility of a similar risk to Americans in Tbilisi and elsewhere in Georgia cannot be discounted.
Finally, petty theft is a problem throughout Georgia. Specific problem areas include the Tbilisi metro system, minivans used for public transit, and areas which are frequented by foreigners and/or large crowds, such as the central market. Many cases of thefts in such places have been reported to the Embassy. In particular, cell phone theft is common. Americans using public transport or frequenting the local markets are urged to review their personal security precautions on a regular basis.
Political Violence
There is no significant or organized anti-American movement or political party in Georgia. Although the November 2003 "Rose Revolution" with its mass demonstrations and marches resulted in the resignation of then-President Shevardnadze, these events were specific to internal political developments and events. They do not represent any general or specific anti-American or anti-foreigner sentiment.
Notwithstanding the "Rose Revolution," demonstrations in Tbilisi and throughout Georgia have been generally orderly and non-violent. These demonstrations have focused primarily on economic and social issues ranging from the lack of electricity, taxation, pension and salary arrears, and food prices. Again, these demonstrations are not directed at American citizens or the U.S. Government, but rather, protest the poor social-economic situation in Georgia. Regardless, Americans are urged to avoid becoming involved in or being located in the immediate vicinity of such demonstrations. Although such protests are normally peaceful, they could become violent with little or no warning.
In December 2003, there was a spate of violence and threats against institutions and individuals perceived as being supporters of former President Shevardnadze and supporters of his successor, current President Saakashvili. Many internal and external observers assumed that these attacks and incidents were politically motivated, and not anti-American in nature. Since December 2003, such incidents have nearly ceased.
With regard to international terrorism, as of December 2005, there are no specific threats to private American citizens or private American interests in Georgia. Regardless, all American citizens are cautioned of the potential for terrorist activities as Georgia is in close proximity to areas of terrorist activity. Georgia is a known transit point for terrorist groups en route to these areas (See Section Travel and Security). As recent terrorist attacks in Russia (Moscow in August 2004, Beslan in September 2004, and Nalchik in October 2005), Jeddah (December 2004), and Tashkent (July 2004) unfortunately illustrate, terrorists can strike anywhere and anytime in the region against Americans and our allies.
Finally, in 2002, there were violent attacks directed against religious minorities in Georgia. The victims are primarily Jehovah's Witnesses, but also include Pentecostals, Baptists, and members of the Assembly of God. Incidents include the burning of literature, the destruction of private property and the beating (sometimes severe) of believers, including American citizens. In 2005, the ringleader of the group responsible for these attacks was convicted and, pending the results of an appeal, is awaiting sentencing. His alleged accomplices, however, remain at large. Although similar incident have not occurred since 2002, American citizens should be aware of these incidents.
Post Specific Concerns
Traffic Safety and Road Conditions
Although the Georgian Government is making a concerted effort to improve the road network, roads in Tbilisi and throughout Georgia are in poor condition and often lack shoulder markings and center lines. In addition, traffic signals may not work as a result of power outages or poor maintenance. Traffic signals and rules of the road are often completely ignored. Traffic discipline is very poor. Motorists drive erratically, often recklessly, and at excessive speeds with little regard to traffic flow, patterns or signs. With the widespread availability of alcohol and lack of effective police control and oversight, many motorists, especially after dark, are operating vehicles under the influence. Pedestrians enjoy no right of way and need to be EXTREMELY cautious when crossing streets. American citizens operating motor vehicles in Georgia should exercise extreme caution when driving.
Electricity
Georgia is facing a continuing energy shortage. Electricity outages are common, especially outside of Tbilisi. The lack of lighting in public places, even when electricity is available, heightens vulnerability to crime and the desperation of criminals and criminal groups.
Police Response
Police Number: 022
In 2004, the Georgian government abolished the very corrupt, completely ineffective, and much hated traffic police. In its place, a new Patrol Police unit was created. This new, more professional, and Western-oriented Patrol Police unit coupled with a new "022" emergency call system (similar to the 911-system in the United States), has vastly improved police response to emergency calls and situations. Generally, police emergency response in Tbilisi is between five to ten minutes.
Although this new Patrol Police unit still faces many serious issues that hamper its overall effectiveness, it represents a serious and long-term effort by the Government to "reinvent" the police into a civilian force that will meet Western law enforcement standards. The U.S. Government fully supports this important effort.
Should visiting or resident American citizens require police support, it is recommended that they contact the Patrol Police via the "022" emergency number. It is also recommended that American citizens report incidents to either the consular or security staff at the U.S. Embassy after the police have responded.
REMEMBER: In a life-or-death situation, call the emergency 022 hotline first! Do not call the Embassy! After the Georgian police have responded, Embassy staff will then help American citizens, as necessary and as appropriate, to contact Georgian law enforcement authorities for post-incident investigation follow-up or assistance.
Americans using the 022 emergency number must be able to speak Georgian or Russian. Police dispatchers who speak English are very rare. Callers should clearly identify themselves as American citizens when contacting local police. Despite many problems with phone lines, the Georgian Government has guaranteed that the emergency 022 hotline will remain operational 24/7, and in the Embassy's experience, they have been successful.
Medical Emergencies
Visitors are strongly encouraged to ensure that immunizations are current, including vaccine for Hepatitis A. The U.S. Center for Disease Control recommends a tetanus/diphtheria booster within the last 5 years. Pre-exposure rabies is recommended for visitors who will be in Tbilisi for more than two to three weeks. Rabies is an ongoing problem due to the large number of street dogs and the inability of the local health system to provide immunizations. It is recommended that you carry a copy of your immunization record with you.
Medical care in Georgia is limited. There is a severe shortage of basic medical supplies, including disposable needles, anesthetics, and antibiotics. Elderly travelers and those with pre-existing health problems may be at risk due to inadequate medical facilities. Georgian doctors and hospitals often expect immediate cash payment before rendering medical services.
The U.S. Embassy strongly urges American citizens to consult with their medical insurance company before traveling to Georgia, as to whether their policy applies overseas and if it will cover emergency expenses such as a medical evacuation. U.S. medical insurance plans seldom cover health costs incurred outside the United States unless supplemental coverage is purchased. Further, U.S. Medicare and Medicaid programs do not provide payment for medical services outside the United States. However, many travel agents and private companies offer insurance plans that will cover health care expenses incurred overseas, including emergency services such as medical evacuations.
When making a decision regarding health insurance, Americans should consider that many foreign doctors and hospitals require payment in cash before providing service and that a medical evacuation to the U.S. may cost well in excess of $50,000. Uninsured travelers who require medical care overseas often face extreme difficulties. When consulting with your insurer before your trip, please ascertain whether payment will be made to the overseas hospital or doctor or if you will be reimbursed later for expenses that you incur. Some insurance policies also include coverage for psychiatric treatment and for disposition of remains in the event of death.
EMERGENCY/PRIMARY CARE
MediClub - Emergency 8 99 581991
MediClub - Non emergency
Dr. Gogi Lolashvili M.D.
Street 5 Chavchavadze
920928, 899 561253
IMSS (Emergency and General Physician)
Mike McCarthy M. D.
32/34 Makashvili Street
921670, 920928, 899 561253
Acad.O.Gudushauri National Center
18/20 Lubliana Street
529869; ER 531173, 517737
MediClub, IMSS and Gudushuari National center provide emergency service as well as routine care. MediClub is also the official representative of SOS evacuation service here and works promptly and accurately.
Specialist Contact Information:
Research Institute of Radiology and Interventional Diagnosis
Dr. Fridon Todua M. D, Ph. D
13, Tevdore Mgvdeli street
348119, MRI 340776
Dermatologist
Dr. Alexander Katsitadze M. D.
4, Constitutia Street (II fl)
959766
General surgery
Dr. Gia Tomadze M. D, Ph. D, Sc. D
9, Tsinandali Street
771819, 8 99 553311
David Tatishvili Medical Center
David Tatishvili, Professor of Radiology
Building 1: 5 Chavchavadze Ave, third floor
292228
Building 2: 8 Abashidze Street
913119, 913242
Ophtalmologist: Caraps Medline
Marina Ramazashvili M.D.
5, Chavchavadze Ave.
290221, 899 535030
LIGA (vaccination Center)
Dr. Nino Shubladze
83/11 Vazha Pshavela Ave,
324478, 8 99 514323
DENTA+
Dr. Svetlana Mamia
Surgeon David Khitiri
38 Vazha-Pshavela Ave
395406
Dental Studio
Dr. Gigi Makharadze
56 Abashidze Street
913425, 266777, 8 99 552414
Heart and Vascular Clinic
Tamaz Shaburishvili M.D.
33, Chavchavadze Ave.
251000; 8 99 502244
CITO lab
Arakishvili Street
290671, 290672
Children's Hospital "Respublika"
Sasania, Irakly MD
2/6 Lubliana Street
ER 517798, 517799
Specialists 529034, 936410, 899 510129
House of Health
Dr. Nunu Gelashvili, Dr. Andro Dzneladze
9 Tsinandali Street
771906/07
Tips on How to Avoid Becoming a Target
Common sense is the rule of thumb. All Americans visiting Tbilisi and other areas in Georgia are strongly advised to exercise the following basic security precautions, which are effective in helping deter criminal- and terrorist-related activities:
-Remain vigilant to unusual objects or circumstances or suspicious individuals.
-Vary your times and routes, especially from your place of residence/hotel to your work location.
-Maintain a low profile, for example, do not carry large amounts of cash or wear excessive amounts of jewelry, or draw attention to yourself by your behavior or clothing or by the tone of your voice.
-Be aware of your surroundings; travel in pairs or groups - do not wander off alone especially after dark, and stay on the "beaten path." Even along heavily frequented streets in central Tbilisi, visitors are cautioned about traveling even a block or two off the main avenue.
After dark, visitors are advised to use personal cars or established taxi companies that will take passengers door-to-door. A majority of crimes reported to the U.S. Embassy involving American citizens have occurred after dark, when the American citizen was alone and in unfamiliar surroundings. Again: use basic, common sense security precautions!
Do not hesitate to report any unusual incidents or suspicious individuals to the appropriate authorities as soon as possible. Do not second-guess yourself! If an incident or person appears questionable, then report it immediately.
If you plan to travel outside of Tbilisi, travel during daylight hours only, leave your itinerary and contact phone number(s) with your sponsor, and travel with a Georgian-speaking national to act as your interpreter. It is also recommended that you contact your sponsor periodically during your in-country travel. As noted previously, although most areas of Georgia are relatively safe and stable, travel to the separatist controlled region of Abkhazia, to the Pankisi Gorge, and to the breakaway region of South Ossetia remains dangerous and is not recommended. Other areas of concern include the border region between Abkhazia and Svaneti, and the northern mountainous border between Georgia and Russia. At present, American citizens traveling to these areas of Georgia should carefully and regularly review their security precautions and take the appropriate steps to ensure their safety.
Finally, the Embassy recommends that American citizens, prior to departing their residence or hotel in the morning, take a 10-15 seconds before they walk out through the front door to think about what they're doing, where they're going, how they're going to get there, etc., with regard to personal security. Taking these 10-15 seconds each morning will help develop good security habits. In turn, these habits will help reduce your vulnerability to criminals and terrorists, and ultimately, help keep you and your family safe.
For Further Information
U.S. citizens living in or visiting Georgia are strongly encouraged to register at the Consular Section of the U.S. Embassy in Tbilisi, where they may obtain updated information on travel and security within Georgia. Visitors may also register online prior to their visit by going to: https://travelresgistration.state.gov/ibrs. Visitors may also contact the Regional Security Office (RSO) to obtain additional security related information.
U.S. Embassy in Tbilisi
11 George Balanchine Street
Tel:. (995) (32) 27-00-00, ext. 7137 (American Citizen Services)
Tel: (995) (32) 27-00-00, ext. 7188 (Regional Security Officer)
After Hours Extensions: 7133 or 7705
Fax: (995) (32) 53-2304.
www.usembassy.ge
In December 2004, in cooperation with the American Chamber of Commerce (AMCHAM) in Georgia, the RSO and Executive Council of AMCHAM established an OSAC Country Council for Georgia, as a committee within the AMCHAM. The Georgia OSAC country council can be reached through the RSO or through the AMCHAM at (995) (32) 25-14-37.
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